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Max Ernst, a German-born painter and sculptor, was one of the prominent Masters of Surrealism during the Surrealism art period.
Ernst was known for his innovative use of techniques such as frottage (rubbing), grattage (scraping), and decalcomania (transferring paint). These methods allowed him to create dreamlike and hallucinatory imagery that blurred the boundaries between reality and fantasy.
Like other Surrealist artists, Ernst was fascinated by the unconscious mind and sought to explore its depths through his art. He often depicted strange and fantastical creatures, landscapes, and symbols that emerged from his subconscious.
Ernst created several iconic works that exemplify Surrealist themes and aesthetics. “The Elephant Celebes” (1921), “The Barbarians” (1937), and “The Robing of the Bride” (1940) are among his most celebrated paintings, showcasing his surreal imagination and masterful technique.
Ernst collaborated with writers and poets associated with the Surrealist movement, including André Breton and Paul Éluard. He illustrated Surrealist texts and contributed to Surrealist publications, further integrating his visual art with the literary aspects of Surrealism.
Ernst’s involvement with the Surrealist movement led to his persecution by the Nazis, who condemned his art as degenerate. He fled Germany in the 1930s and eventually settled in the United States, where he continued to produce groundbreaking work and influence generations of artists.
Max Ernst’s legacy as a Master of Surrealism lies in his ability to push the boundaries of artistic expression and challenge conventional notions of reality. His innovative techniques, surreal imagery, and profound exploration of the unconscious continue to inspire artists and captivate audiences around the world.